Blumenbach claimed that Homo sapiens were created in a single region and had then spread over the globe. (Eri) Further Blumenbach claimed that human beings have adapted to live in various environments, and most racial variations can be easily changed, and do not define any group as separate - humans are one and the same species (Satoko-K) (Owen)

6. What did Blumenbach mean by ‘degenerations’?

First, he claimed that "Homo sapiens had been created in a single region then spread around the world. Changes in characteristics or "degenerations" arose from different modes of life arising from differences in climate and habitat. (melody)
(Owen)

7. What evidence does Gould cite to illustrate that Blumenbach was not racist in his thinking?

Gould cited that Blumenbach held particularly strong opinions on the equal status of black Africans and white Europeans. Blumenbach campaigned for the abolition of slavery and asserted the moral superiority of slaves to their captors. (kayo)

8. What is the final point that Gould makes in this article, his conclusion?

He argues that scholars' ideas do not reside in the ivory towers of universities. As evidence, he mentions that Blumenbach's ideas have had great influence on wars, social upheavals, our sufferings, and hopes. (Satsuki)

9. In your text, draw and label a diagram below to represent Blumenbach’s Model.